Hazrat Usman Martyrdom in detail|| Hazrat Usman life
*Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (RA): The Life of Dhun-Nurayn and His Martyrdom | A Complete Story*
Among the ten promised Paradise, among the closest companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and the third Caliph of Islam — *Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (RA)* holds a unique place in Islamic history.
He was known as *Dhun-Nurayn* — "The Possessor of Two Lights" — because he married two daughters of the Prophet ﷺ: Hazrat Ruqayyah (RA) and after her death, Hazrat Umm Kulthum (RA).
His life is a story of immense wealth spent in the path of Allah, extreme humility, deep love for the Quran, and a martyrdom that shook the entire Ummah.
*1. Early Life and Family Background*
Hazrat Usman (RA) was born in 576 CE in Makkah, 6 years after the birth of the Prophet ﷺ. He belonged to the Banu Umayyah clan of the Quraysh. His lineage met with the Prophet ﷺ at Abd Manaf.
Even in Jahiliyyah, he was known for 3 qualities:
1. *Adab* - He never drank alcohol or worshipped idols, even before Islam.
2. *Honesty* - He was a successful businessman known for truthfulness.
3. *Modesty* - The Prophet ﷺ said about him: _"Should I not feel shy from a man whom even the angels feel shy of?"_ — Sahih Muslim 2401
*2. Acceptance of Islam*
Hazrat Usman (RA) was among the earliest to accept Islam. He accepted Islam through the invitation of his close friend *Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq (RA)*.
When he accepted Islam, his uncle Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As tied him up and beat him, saying: "Do you leave the religion of your forefathers for a new religion?"
Hazrat Usman (RA) replied firmly: _"By Allah, I will never leave it."_
After accepting Islam, he migrated twice:
1. *Migration to Abyssinia* - With his wife Hazrat Ruqayyah (RA), the daughter of the Prophet ﷺ
2. *Migration to Madinah* - He left all his wealth in Makkah for the sake of Allah
*3. Services to Islam During the Prophet’s ﷺ Life*
Hazrat Usman (RA) spent his wealth more than anyone else for Islam.
*The Well of Rumah*
In Madinah there was a well owned by a Jew. Muslims had to pay for water. The Prophet ﷺ said: _"Who will buy the well of Rumah and make it a charity for Muslims, and in return he will have Paradise?"_
Hazrat Usman (RA) bought it for 20,000 dirhams and made it free for all. — Tirmidhi 3703
*The Army of Hardship - Jaish al-Usrah*
During the Battle of Tabuk, the Muslims were poor. The Prophet ﷺ called for donations. Hazrat Usman (RA) brought 1000 dinars and poured them into the Prophet’s ﷺ lap. The Prophet ﷺ kept saying: _"Nothing will harm Usman after today."_ — Tirmidhi 3701
He also equipped one-third of the entire army from his own wealth.
*4. His Khilafah: 12 Years of Expansion*
After the martyrdom of Hazrat Umar (RA), the Shura elected Hazrat Usman (RA) as the third Caliph in 644 CE. He was 70 years old.
His 12-year Khilafah is known for 2 major things:
*A. Expansion of Islam*
During his time Islam spread to:
North Africa, Cyprus, Afghanistan, and many parts of Asia. The Muslim navy was also established in his time.
*B. Compilation of the Quran*
This is his greatest legacy. Different dialects of Quran were causing confusion. Hazrat Usman (RA) ordered the collection of one official _Mushaf_.
He said: _"The Ummah will differ about the Quran just as the Jews and Christians differed. So unite them on one reading."_
He sent copies of this _Mushaf-e-Usmani_ to all major cities. Even today, 99% of Qurans in the world follow the _Rasm-e-Usmani_.
*5. The Personality of Hazrat Usman (RA)*
The Sahaba described him as:
1. *The most generous* - He never refused a beggar
2. *The most shy* - Aisha (RA) narrated that the Prophet ﷺ was sitting with his thigh exposed. When Abu Bakr and Umar came, he did not change. But when Usman came, he covered himself and said: _"Should I not feel shy from one whom the angels feel shy of?"_ — Sahih Muslim 2401
3. *The most devoted to Quran* - He would complete the entire Quran in one Rak‘ah of Tahajjud
*6. The Beginning of Fitnah and Protests*
In the last 6 years of his Khilafah, some people started spreading rumors. The main accusations were:
1. Appointing relatives as governors
2. Giving them too much authority
The truth is: those governors were among the most capable. Like Muawiyah (RA) in Shaam, who protected the borders from the Romans.
But hypocrites and Jews like Abdullah ibn Saba started sending letters from city to city to create hatred. Slowly, people from Egypt, Kufa, and Basra gathered and came to Madinah.
*7. The Martyrdom of Hazrat Usman (RA) - 18 Dhul Hijjah 35 AH*
The protesters surrounded his house for 40 days. They cut off his water supply.
Hazrat Usman (RA) could have fought. The Sahaba offered to defend him. But he said:
_"I do not want to be the first to shed Muslim blood."_
He was reciting the Quran inside his house when the attackers entered. He was reading:
*"So Allah will suffice you against them. And He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing."* — Surah Al-Baqarah 2:137
The first drop of his blood fell on this verse.
He was 82 years old when he was martyred on Friday, 18 Dhul Hijjah 35 AH. His wife *Hazrat Naila (RA)* tried to protect him and her fingers were cut.
Even in death, his body was not allowed a proper funeral for 3 days. He was buried in _Jannat al-Baqi_ at night with only a few people.
The Prophet ﷺ had already given him the good news of martyrdom. One day on Mount Uhud, the mountain shook. The Prophet ﷺ said: _"Be firm, O Uhud. For upon you are a Prophet, a Siddiq, and two martyrs."_ The two martyrs were Umar and Usman (RA). — Bukhari 3686
*8. 5 Lessons From the Life of Hazrat Usman (RA)*
1. *Spend for Allah* - Wealth is a test. Usman (RA) passed it by spending everything for Deen.
2. *Love the Quran* - He was known as "The Companion of the Quran". Make the Quran your daily companion.
3. *Patience in Fitnah* - He chose to be killed rather than cause fitnah among Muslims.
4. *Shyness is Iman* - The Prophet ﷺ linked his modesty to Iman.
5. *Unity of the Ummah* - His compilation of the Quran united the Ummah on one book.
*9. What Scholars Say About Him*
*Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (RA)* said: _"The best of people after the Prophets are Abu Bakr, then Umar, then Usman."_
*Hasan al-Basri (RA)* said: _"If you want to see someone who looks like the people of Paradise, look at Usman ibn Affan."_
*Conclusion*
The life of Hazrat Usman (RA) is the life of a man who bought Paradise with his wealth, and then bought it again with his blood.
In a time where Muslims are divided, his story teaches us generosity, patience, love for Quran, and unity.
May Allah be pleased with Dhun-Nurayn, Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (RA). And may we meet him with the Prophet ﷺ in Jannah. Ameen.
*1. Why was Hazrat Usman called Dhun-Nurayn?*
Because he married two daughters of the Prophet ﷺ: Hazrat Ruqayyah (RA) and after her death, Hazrat Umm Kulthum (RA). No one else had this honor.
*2. What is the most famous work of Hazrat Usman during his Khilafah?*
The compilation and standardization of the Holy Quran. He produced the _Mushaf-e-Usmani_ and sent copies to all Muslim lands.
*3. How old was Hazrat Usman when he was martyred?*
He was 82 years old when he was martyred on 18 Dhul Hijjah 35 AH.
*4. Why did people protest against Hazrat Usman?*
Some people spread rumors about his governors. Hypocrites like Abdullah ibn Saba fueled the fitnah. But he refused to fight Muslims to protect himself.
*5. Where is Hazrat Usman buried?*
He is buried in _Jannat al-Baqi_ in Madinah.
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